Background explainer for the April 2026 NHS dental charge increase. Not legal advice.

Updated May 2026

NHS Dental Charges Amendment Regulations 2026

The 2026 amending statutory instrument took effect on 1 April 2026 and set the current schedule: Band 1 £27.90, Band 2 £76.60, Band 3 £332.10. This page walks through the laying timeline, the explanatory memorandum, the impact assessment, and how the rise sits inside the wider 2026/27 NHS uprating cycle.

BAND 1 (from 1 April 2026)

£27.90

Up from £27.40 (+1.8%)

BAND 2 (from 1 April 2026)

£76.60

Up from £75.30 (+1.7%)

BAND 3 (from 1 April 2026)

£332.10

Up from £326.70 (+1.7%)

What the amending SI does technically

The amending SI is a short instrument, typically only two or three pages, consisting of the citation, commencement, and the substitution of new figures into the Schedule of the principal 2005 Regulations. Regulation 1 of the amending SI gives the citation. Regulation 2 sets commencement at 1 April 2026. Regulation 3 substitutes the new figures for the previous Band 1, 2 and 3 amounts in the Schedule of SI 2005/3477.

No other regulation is touched. The exempt categories in regulations 6 and 7 are unchanged. The course-of-treatment definition in regulation 3 is unchanged. The refund mechanism in regulation 11 is unchanged. The PCN cross-reference in regulation 12 is unchanged. Only the Schedule figures move.

The amending SI is made under the same statutory power as the principal Regulations (section 175 of the NHS Act 2006). It uses the negative resolution procedure: laid before Parliament, then comes into force on the named date unless either House passes a motion to annul within 40 sitting days.

The Explanatory Memorandum

DHSC publishes an Explanatory Memorandum alongside every amending SI. The 2026 EM (available on the legislation.gov.uk page for the SI) runs to approximately 8 pages and covers:

The EM is the most useful single document for understanding the government's stated rationale. It is downloadable from the SI's page on legislation.gov.uk.

The BDA and Healthwatch response

The British Dental Association response to the 2026 uplift continued its long-running line of argument: patient charges are rising while NHS dental access remains constrained, with the result that patients are being asked to pay more for a service that is increasingly hard to access. The BDA position is that the charge debate should be subordinated to a broader reform of the General Dental Services contract (the UDA model) which they argue is the upstream cause of the access crisis.

Healthwatch England published a brief on the rise noting that the cumulative seven-year nominal uplift (from £23.40 in 2020 to £27.90 in 2026, a 19.2% rise on Band 1) sits slightly below CPI cumulative inflation of approximately 22-24% over the same period. This means dental charges have not in real terms grown faster than the general price level, despite the headline pain of consecutive April rises.

Both organisations argue that the policy frame needs to shift from year-on-year uprating to a structural debate about whether the existing three-band charge model remains fit for purpose in a context of declining NHS dental access. The Government has not signalled any intention to alter the model, only to keep the figures broadly tracking inflation.

How 2026 compares to recent years

YearBand 1 riseBand 2 riseBand 3 riseCPI context
April 2026+1.8%+1.7%+1.7%CPI 2.6%; rise below inflation
April 2025+2.2%+2.2%+2.1%CPI 2.5%; rise broadly tracking inflation
April 2024+3.1%+2.9%+2.8%CPI 3.2%; rise below inflation
April 2023+9.2%+11.5%+11.6%CPI 8.7%; catch-up rise after freeze
April 2022FrozenFrozenFrozenCPI 9.1% (peak Oct 2022)
April 2021+1.7%+1.7%+1.8%CPI 1.5%; rise above inflation

CPI figures from ONS. Year-by-year detail at our charge history page and real-terms analysis at real-terms charge history.

What 2027 may look like

The DHSC has not signalled any intention to change the structural model or the percentage methodology for 2027. A continuation of the recent CPI-tracking pattern would suggest:

These figures are illustrative only and depend on the OBR inflation forecast for early 2027, the wider DHSC settlement, and any policy intervention. The structural model is unlikely to change without a much larger contract-reform initiative.

A wholesale reform of the GDS contract would in principle allow the patient charge structure to be redesigned (for example, away from three bands and toward a percentage-of-cost share like the Welsh and NI models, or toward a universal-coverage model with no patient charge as in Scotland for under-26s). None of this is currently on the public DHSC roadmap.

Frequently asked questions

What did the 2026 amending regulations change?
The amending SI raised the three NHS dental band charges in England from 1 April 2026: Band 1 from £27.40 to £27.90 (1.8%), Band 2 from £75.30 to £76.60 (1.7%), Band 3 from £326.70 to £332.10 (1.7%). It made no other changes to the underlying 2005 Regulations: no new exempt categories, no change to the course-of-treatment rule, no change to the refund mechanism. Pure annual uplift.
When were the 2026 regulations laid before Parliament?
The amending instrument was laid in February 2026 for commencement on 1 April 2026. The 40 sitting day prayer-to-annul window expired without challenge. The regulations came into force automatically on 1 April as scheduled. The amending SI was accompanied by a DHSC Explanatory Memorandum (around 8 pages) setting out the policy rationale, impact assessment, equality impact assessment, and stating that no public consultation had been conducted as the change was a routine annual uprating.
Why was the 2026 rise smaller than 2024 or 2023?
The 2026 rise of 1.7-1.8% reflects the lower CPI inflation rate prevailing through 2025 (CPI averaged approximately 2-3% in 2025, down from the 8-11% peaks in 2022-2023). The 2023 rise (Band 1 +9%, Band 2 +11%, Band 3 +12%) was partly a catch-up after the 2022/23 freeze and partly a response to peak CPI of 11.1% in October 2022. The 2024 rise of approximately 3-4% reflected the easing of CPI. The 2026 rise is the smallest annual uplift since 2021.
Did any MPs try to block the 2026 amendment?
No prayer-to-annul motion was tabled against the 2026 amending SI. Backbench MPs raised the issue in DHSC oral questions, and the BDA issued its customary press response criticising the upward charge trajectory while NHS dental access remains constrained. Neither generated formal Parliamentary action. The SI passed by default on 1 April.
How does the 2026 rise compare to overall NHS uprating?
NHS England's wider commissioning budgets rose by around 3.2% in cash terms for 2026/27 (the DHSC settlement figure published December 2025). The patient-facing charges rose by around 1.7-1.8% (dental) and approximately 2% (prescriptions, with the per-item charge moving from £9.65 to £9.90). Patient charges therefore rose less than overall NHS funding, partly because the Treasury settlement absorbed more of the inflationary pressure on the supply side than on the patient-revenue side.

Related guides

Updated May 2026